Kuyanika kopanga kumachitika m'zipinda zapadera zowumitsa ndipo kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri kuposa kuyanika kwachilengedwe. Chipinda chowumitsa ndi malo otsekedwa a mawonekedwe amakona anayi, momwe mpweya umatenthedwa ndi machubu apadera otchedwa ribbed chubu, omwe amazungulira nthunzi, yomwe imalowa mkati mwawo kuchokera ku chipinda chowotcha. Muzowumitsira gasi, zinthuzo zimawumitsidwa ndi mpweya wochokera kuchipinda choyaka moto pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera,
Chinyezi chomwe chimatuluka mumitengo chimadzaza mpweya, motero chimachotsedwa mu chowumitsira, ndipo mpweya wabwino, wopanda chinyezi umabweretsedwa m'malo mwake kudzera munjira zapadera. Malinga ndi mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito, zowumitsa zimagawidwa kukhala zomwe zimagwira ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi komanso zomwe zimagwira ntchito mosalekeza.
Mu zowuma zomwe zimagwira ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi (mkuyu 19), zinthuzo zimayikidwa nthawi imodzi. Pambuyo kuyanika, zinthuzo zimachotsedwa mu chowumitsira, kutuluka kwa nthunzi muzitsulo zotenthetsera kumayimitsidwa, ndipo mtanda wotsatira wa zowumitsa umadzazidwa.
Chomera chowumitsa, chomwe chimagwira ntchito mosalekeza, chimakhala ndi khonde limodzi mpaka 36 m kutalika, momwe ma wagonette okhala ndi zinthu zonyowa amalowera mbali imodzi, ndi ngolo zokhala ndi zouma zimachoka mbali inayo.
Malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha kayendedwe ka mpweya, zowumitsira zimagawidwa kukhala zozungulira zachilengedwe, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kulemera kwake kwa mpweya mu chowumitsira, ndi zowumitsira zomwe zimakhala ndi kuyendayenda, zomwe zimapindula ndi mafani amodzi kapena angapo.
Sl. 19 Chowumitsira chomwe chimagwira ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi ndi madzi achilengedwe
Zowumitsira zomwe zimagwira ntchito mosalekeza zimagawidwa kukhala zowumitsira-otaya mpweya - pamene mpweya umayambitsidwa kuti ugwirizane ndi kayendetsedwe ka zinthu zomwe zikuuma, ndi zowumitsira co-flow - ngati njira ya kayendedwe ka mpweya wotentha ndi yofanana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. zinthu, ndi amene ntchito yopingasa mpweya kufalitsidwa, pamene kayendedwe ka mpweya wotentha ndi mpweya ikuchitika mu malangizo perpendicular kayendedwe ka zinthu (mkuyu. 20).
Sl. 20 Chowumitsira chokhala ndi mpweya wobwerera kumbuyo; 1 - fan, 2 - radiators,
3 - njira zoperekera, 4 - mayendedwe okhetsa
Ngati kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu chowumitsira, chomwe chimadutsa ndi zinthu zouma, kupitirira 1 m / sec, ndiye kuti kuyanika kwamtunduwu kumatchedwa kufulumizitsa. Ngati, pakuwumitsa, mpweya wotentha womwe umadutsa pa zinthuzo umauma, umasintha kayendetsedwe kake, ndipo liwiro lake limaposa 1 m / sec, ndiye kuti kayendedwe kameneka kamatchedwa reverse movement, ndipo zipangizo zowumitsa zimatchedwa zowumitsira zomwe zimathamanga, kusinthasintha kwa mpweya. .
Mu zowuma zokhala ndi kufalikira kwachilengedwe, liwiro la mpweya wodutsa ndi zinthu zowuma ndi zosakwana 1 m / sec.
Ma matabwa omalizidwa kapena zinthu zomalizidwa pang'ono zitha kuuma. Mabodi omwe amayenera kuuma amayikidwa pa trolleys (mkuyu 21).
Sl. 21 ngolo zafulati
Mapulani aatali ayenera kuikidwa pa ngolo zafulati (mkuyu 21). Ma slats owuma okhala ndi makulidwe a 22 mpaka 25 mm ndi m'lifupi mwake 40 mm amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapepala. Ma coasters amaikidwa pamwamba pa mzake kuti apange mzere wolunjika (mkuyu 22). Cholinga cha mapadi ndi kupanga mipata pakati pa matabwa kuti mpweya wotentha uzitha kudutsa momasuka zomwe zikuwuma ndikuchotsa mpweya wodzaza ndi nthunzi yamadzi. Mipata pakati pa mizere yowongoka ya mapepala amatengedwa kuti apange matabwa okhala ndi makulidwe a 25 mm - 1 m, pamatabwa okhala ndi makulidwe a 50 mm - 1,2 m. Mapadi ayenera kuikidwa pamwamba pa matabwa odutsa - zomwe zili pa wagonette.
Sl. 22 Njira yowunjikira matabwa ochekedwa kuti ayamitsidwe ndikusunga mtunda wolondola pakati pa mapepalawo
Kukonzekera kosakhazikika kwa mapadi kungayambitse kuwomba mphepo kwa matabwa ocheka. Pamapeto a matabwa, mapepalawo ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi mbali za kutsogolo kwa matabwa kapena kukhala ndi chiwombankhanga chaching'ono, kuti ateteze maselo ku kutuluka kwakukulu kwa mpweya wotentha. Zopangidwazo zikauma, zimayikidwa pa trolleys okhala ndi mapepala opangidwa ndi magawo okha, 20 mpaka 25 mm wandiweyani ndi 40 mpaka 60 mm mulifupi. Mtunda pakati pa mizere yowongoka ya mphasa sikuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 0,5 - 0,8 m.
