ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā gaiters

Hiki ke hoʻomau a i ʻole nā ​​​​mechanisms no ka neʻe ʻana i nā lāʻau. Me ka neʻe mau ʻana, e neʻe mau ana ka lāʻau i ka wā o ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻole o ka pahu puka. Me ka neʻe manawaleʻa, neʻe ka lāʻau no hoʻokahi hapa wale nō o kēlā me kēia kaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau - i waena o ka manawa. Hiki ke hana i ka neʻe ʻana i ka wā hana a i ʻole ka holo ʻana o ka puka.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka neʻe mau ʻana i nā kiaʻi puka papa pālua me ka helu kiʻekiʻe o nā kipi; neʻe manawaleʻa - i nā kaʻa hele mālie me ka helu haʻahaʻa o nā kipi.

No ka ʻoki ʻana i nā lāʻau ma ka ʻauwai, pono e loaʻa i nā saws i loko o ka auwai kekahi pali. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka nui o ka slope linear e ke ʻano neʻe mau: 

y: Δ / 2 + (1/2) mm; no ka neʻe ʻana i ka wā o ka hahau hana y= 2 a 5 mm; no ka neʻe manawaleʻa i ka wā hoʻomaha y = Δ + (1/2) mm.

Eia, y ka nagi o ka ike ma ke kiaha, mm; Δ - ka neʻe ʻana o kahi lāʻau a i ʻole ka lāʻau i ka wā o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka roller gate, mm.

Kiʻi 1: Inclinometer no ke ana ʻana i ka nui o ka inclination o ka saw

ʻIke ʻia ke kau ʻana o ka saw me kahi anana overhang. ʻO ka anana overhang ʻelua mau ʻāpana kila i hoʻopili ʻia i ka hui ma luna, a ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa me kahi kaula transverse me kahi hōʻike no ka hele ʻana o ka wili hoʻopaʻa me ka nut butterfly. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia kahi pae ʻuhane ma hoʻokahi kaula kila. Heluhelu ʻia ka manaʻo i ka mm ma ka lōʻihi o ka paʻi kiʻi ma ka pālākiō, aia ma lalo o ka mea kōkua (fig. 1).

No kaʻokiʻana i nā papa a iʻole nā ​​kaola o ka mānoanoa i makemakeʻia ma waena o nā saws i loko o ke kiʻikuhi, ua hoʻokomoʻia nā mea hoʻokomo (nā mea hoʻokaʻawale),ʻo ka laulā e pili pono ana i ka mānoanoa o ka lāʻau eʻokiʻia.

ʻO Spanung kahi pūʻulu o nā saws i loko o kahi kiʻi me nā mamao i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma waena o lākou, ma ke kumu e loaʻa ai ka lāʻau sawn o nā ana i makemake ʻia. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka mea hoʻokomo e like me ke ʻano S = a + b + 2c mm. Ma kahi o S ka mānoanoa o ka mea hoʻokomo; a - ka mānoanoa papa inoa; b - keu no ka maloʻo ʻana; c - ka nui o ka laha o na niho ma kekahi aoao. 

Hoʻokomo ʻia (fig. 2) i ka lāʻau maloʻo (me ka nui o 15% humidity) birch, chub, beech, lehu.

Kiʻi 2: Hoʻokomo (nā mea hoʻokaʻawale)

Hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻāpana maloʻo i ka laulā a me ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau coniferous sawn - pine, spruce, fir, cedar a me larch, i loaʻa i ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana (me kahi hoʻonohonoho tangential-radial o nā apo makahiki) o nā lāʻau maloʻo a i ka wā e ʻoki ai i ka pulu. lāʻau ʻoki ʻia e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ana i makemake ʻia o ka mea ma kahi maloʻo.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka lāʻau sawn o nā conifers i helu ʻia i ʻelua mau pūʻulu e like me ka nui o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana: ʻo ka mua e pili ana i ka pine, spruce, kedera a me ka fir, ʻo ka lua ka larch.

Hōʻike ʻia ka mānoanoa a me ka laula o nā lāʻau ʻoki ʻia me ka makū mua ma mua o 30% a me ka maʻamau hope o 15% i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka Papa 1. 

Papa 1: Nā ana no ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka lāʻau coniferous sawn, mm

I ka wā e ʻoki ai i nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​kaola me ka wai ma lalo o 30%, ua helu ʻia ka nui o ka nui ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka nui o ka nui no ka wai hope i noi ʻia a me ka nui o ka wai o ka lāʻau. ʻO ka lāʻau sawn o nā ʻano lāʻau paʻakikī, ʻo ia hoʻi ka beech, hornbeam, birch, ʻoka, elm, maple, lehu, aspen, poplar, ua māhele ʻia e like me ka nui o ka maloʻo ʻana i ʻelua mau pūʻulu no ke kuhikuhi tangential a i ʻelua pūʻulu no ke kuhikuhi radial.

ʻO ka hui mua he birch, ʻoka, maple, lehu, alder, aspen a me ka poplar, a ʻo ka lua - beech, hornbeam, elm a me linden.

No ka lāʻau ʻoki hapa-radial (me ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka palaoa tangential-radial), pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻae i hoʻoholo ʻia no ka lāʻau me ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka palaoa. ʻO nā ana nui no ka mānoanoa a me ka laula no ka lāʻau ʻili ma nā ʻaoʻao kikoʻī a me ka radial me kahi maʻamau mua o 35% abs. a ʻoi aku a me ka haʻahaʻa hope o 10 a me 15% abs., a ma muli o ka hui, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e like me ka papa 2.

Papa 2: Ka nui o na ana no ka laau sawn o na laau paa, mm