Basic material
ekseri
Nails are always a necessary material in the House. We don't need to keep a big one number of each type (it will be enough, that we have about 50 of them altogether). Important is only to have as wide a selection as possible. Yesus in specialized storescama or in larger department stores moyou can find almost all kinds of nails. We need to start procuring nails from the very small and thin, long ones 1 centimeter, either round or squareof that section. They can be made of steel, of brass (for wallpaper works), including the wheel nails, approxmock cross-section of the characteristic cylinderdric heads. Then he needs to get itWe have all the bigger nails, length from 4-5 centimeters (practically they are neponeed longer). Also, in the Middle Ageslike nails, we need to get calthose types, which we will recognize by blue color. With these nails alone or with suitable hooks, we can hang larger pictures on the wall dimensions or some lighter objects (racks, mirrors, barometers, termeters, wall clocks and so on), so we don't have to resort to inserts. Eqs can also be very usefulseri bent in the shape of the letter L, which we knock on the wood we can hang smaller items. Nails with specially shaped head, inclracial head, we will use the code upholstery works, when we want to attach the material to the furniture. We have to keep our nails perfectnom order, separated by size and species. We can also use the original one packages, which we will keep in one a large wooden or metal box. U we can get plastic for the same purposenot boxes whose insides are dividedon in numerous sections, and which it also has a transparent cover.
Screws for wood and metal
Keep a wide assortment in the house screws, especially those for wood, validbut it's like having a larger number of nails. And here we need to get screws starting from the smallest to the largest, therefore length from one centimeter to five (larger screws are used really rare). We will need them forbrass and steel swivels, with recessnim heads, semi-round or lewith honorable heads. Screws with lens the heads should be nickel-plated brass, because we will mostly use themfiddle with the dowels for hanging items in the bathroom and kitchen (holders soap, towels and others). No need let's forget about screws with ordinarynom hook, which we will fasten in the window frames in order to post on themfairy curtain rods. Assortment forwe will complete the drilling with one broscrews with plastic or najIonic types of corresponding diguesthouse. That way we will avoid that we screw the wrong screws into the inserts dimension.
All screws are supplied in small quantities (rarely it happens that upowe need a large number of the same screwsnja) and we find them in small packsthem, in hardware stores or in department stores. Wood screws with a round end instead of a headom is mostly used with the hipmo inside furniture for storage various little things.
In electrical appliances for the homealso with cars, more and more often the so-called "They cut themselvesand screws" for metal, which when they tighten in a perforated sheet metal, they hold a lot Okay. However, it is not rare that they happen from their bed and get lost. So not bad to get a few of these self-tapping screws for metal and that in four or five different sizes, so that we would have them in case of need at hand. Also, for the same purpose they can to serve also pieces of folded sheets that have an opening in the center and two tab which, when attached to suitable place, allow to tighten the screw all the way and yes hold tight. However, we can't always do them use, if it is inaccessiblebreathing screw. But where it is possible, it is always good to use themmo, because that way we avoid fromscrew driving due to vibrations withlocking screws are supplied with normal or with cross notches on the heads. We should get some several pieces of both kinds, because although technically one species worth as much as the other, unaesthetic and it is impractical to replace one oflost screw other different notches. Not only does it look ugly, it is already during repair or removal we need to have two with us screwdriver instead of one.
Cylindrical screws
Unlike wood screws and sheet metal, which are usually conical shape, cylindrical screws can are screwed either into threaded holes or into the nuts. With this type, the question is what to acquire is rather vague. That is primarily because we are enough rarely in a situation where we have to forlet's change some of these screws which are less likely to bend or crack.
This type of screw is standardizedof external threads and sizes, but very wide assortment. They are made from brass, steel, special steel, with hexagonal heads, with headsma for allen keys, with notch for screwdrivers, (only for smaller screwsva) and so on. They can be without surface treatments, or they can be phosphorized (then they are dark gray colors), galvanized, nickel-plated or pogalvanized and chrome plated.
If we do some mechanicscarpentry works, repaired household apainstallments or constructed some complicatedexternal subjects, we will already if necessary, get a certain number of screwskl, screws, various washers and spacers for blocking which are placed below screw heads and nuts and prevent loosening due to vibration of the object on which they are mounted. In principle iexperience teaches us that they are always with us the most necessary smaller screws, with diameters from 3-8 millimeters in length from 1 centimeter to a maximum of 4-5 centstimer. Therefore, we can slowe should limit ourselves to procurement screws of these dimensions, but that's why in all variants of heads, materials, distance and type of threads, finishing et cetera.
To begin with, it is best to get a smaller number of ordinary, galvanized ones hexagon head screws, different diameter and length. And here the rule applies which we presented at nails, screws for metal and wood. Always need an escapemake sure that all the screws are kept in the same position boxes (otherwise they are quite heavy). Yes we would find a single screw, it would be quite difficult for us if we did kept them all in one place, noseparated and unsorted.
Inserts (dowels)
The need and habit of modern man to puts various things on the walls, from pictures, shelves to pieces of furnitureI, it led to an increasingly widespread useno inserts. They are most often made from plastic, nylon, lead, steel and other material, and smaller inserts primarily made of nylon or plastic. Inserts are placed in already drilled holes holes and when we screw a screw into them, they expand, exerting pressure on ziblind holes. That way we can do bothsati much heavier objects than pothe power of nails and hooks.
Rubber inserts are installed already with an inserted screw body and can to be with an ordinary notch, they can end with half round lil fingerswith a new hook, they can have a shape a pin, or threaded shaft protruding from insert that one was attracted to her or two nuts. When once athe insert is placed, the body is screwed toharder and at the same time attracts the insert towards the top of the hole. The rubber part of the insert se thus shortens and thickens by exerting forcean pressure on the walls of the hole iii on the wall behind a hole (for example in a hollow brick). These types of rubber inserts with real in very different dimensions and forms. It's good that there are some in the housemo more because it rarely happens that in in the course of one job, we use a series of the same inserts. If that happens, give it upwe pick the appropriate type and ondo enough for that specific jobjan number of the same inserts. More common is slutea that we have to replace some weakened inserts or to set new for a picture or bought hanging furniture. Otherwise, we should keep this material as well in labeled transparent boxesnim tiles.
Clips
This type of material does not use is so often, although it can be of great use. A metal clip (also made of nylon and plastic) consists of a ring-bent metal wireka with slots that engage the threads the screw when we tighten it and so on we reduce the circumference of the clamp. According towe need them to tighten the bendsvlh hoses that connect consumers gas in the household, with wall sldue to the gas installation. That's how it stoppedwe make sure that they are consumed when movinga handful (when cleaning rooms or similarice some other needs) the hose sharespull it out slightly or completely, and give gas freely points out. This is important because that the connection points are often hidden from view and eventual omissions are more difficult to notice.
Another typical use of metal the clamp is the joining of two rubbers or plastic hoses (drainage orwashing machine water hoses or dishes, hoses for watering the garden and so forth). We will make the connection like that what we will one piece of metal pipe insert halfway into the ends of the hose which we connect and tighten the clip on both ends. We can also use a clip we attach the electric cable to the pipe plumbing when we want to let's ground some electrical consumer. This solution is not exactly the right onetin, but often it is a solution if there is none other alternatives.
Nylon clips can too to be of different shapes, with holes or teeth. they have a thousand uses, they are cheap, and easy to install. Herbut we can, for example, tiemo hose of the washing machine or dishes so that it goes parallel to metal pipes, not to be dragged on the floor and thus collects dust behind device. Clips made of nylon and plasticks are certainly less strong than those metal, but can be used in various purposes and can bind i attach things of much larger dimensionssion such as cables of electrical ininstallations and much more. Assortedman we need in the house is quite a lot modest: a dozen metal clips of different diameters, a dozen volumesmade of nylon, part with holes and part with teeth, and several meters plastic strips with holes and holesusing the lock buttons.
Felt coasters
Felt is usually used sparingly though with a small cost it can be from velike uses. That's why we need to get it felt cut into various shapes: okrugao, square, rectangular and it is thickIjines of a few millimeters, and somelike larger pieces of thick hard feltlog over 5 millimeters. Felt coasters are placed fromamong the subjects that are taru one about another. That's how we can get on everyone's feet chair stick round felt rodshooters or place thin strips on the backs of chairs or armchairs do not would leave ugly marks on the wall.
Seals and other material for getting a leakproof connection
The so-called gaskets deserve one a short review, although incomplete, because the same term is used to denotereading various materials that used in completely different situations. These are primarily seals which are always found in the waterworks installation. In all faucets, washwe have to alternate worknot gaskets (usually round rubber tiles, with or without screw holes). It is not a rare case that the two merge the pipe is loose and we need to replace it ring seal. In certain parts, especially where it comes hot water (at the exit from the boiler, at the entrance installations for central heating), nathe seals are made of more resistant and hardmaterials such as asbestos, cardboard asbestos and so on.
Therefore, it is necessary to on the water supply installation in our house, we know what kind hard rubber seals are usedflax, and to get a certain number of them For replacement. Then we have to see what are O-rings (even those in thermos bottles and machines for making coffee) and to get them toomo for reserve. Since on this the field adheres to a fairly strict standard, it is not difficult, if we consult s some plumber in which there ismo confidence, let's make a list of all possible seals that are present in the installation. It is not out of place to point outwe fill assortment of reel and fingersof gaskets with one sheet of gume, 3 or 4 millimeters thick, of which we can easily with the help of a compass yes cut the gasket to the appropriate sizemake. Also, for the same purpose, we can get some material that is heat resistant.
It often happens that the taps leakwater "from above" when they are open. In those cases, she did not give up on her workon the gasket, but the one that is located, enveloped by a cocoon, around a revolving axiswine that carries a handle or lever. Repairwhich is less simple from the replacement of ordinary zaptivke and requires the use of a kitchen, eventually coated with a little plaster. U this and similar cases can Teflon tape can also be used. This one type of adhesive tape should complete range of seals because it allows to solve other problems with it, among which the most common one is when se siphon under the sink, which is withmade of two elements with incised threads, it cannot tighten up towillingly firm.
For similar, difficult cases, yes let's get a tube of putty, that is. resin specially prepared to be inserted between the threads and so it acts like sealant. In case they goments should take place, we won't have problems: the material is very mekan and ordinary keys will be easy manage to separate the parts.
Also silicone sealants that are available in a large selection (white, gray, transparent) they can give solid and notmissed connection. They are used with excellent success for preventingof the pouring of drops of water between the walls and sinks, which we should avoid especially if the space is under the lavaboa filled with shelves with various materials (cleaning agentsher, stain removers and Similarly). Smearing, as one does with window putty, silicone putty and leaving it to dry for a few hours, we will get a really long-lasting and effective sealing. In the same way we can prevent rain from penetrating the eye windows in the attic or in the basement and in hundreds of other similar situations. Sealing is not used alone because of preventing water dripping, already and dust, within certain limits even the smell. Typical material for sealing and preventing the passage of milynx or dust, is a sticky one sponge tape sold at meter and in more widths (several thickabout a millimeter, width a few centsmeters). One side is coated with glue and protected by paper; when peel off the paper, the tape sticks where it is necessary. We usually glue it around okpeeks out of the window or door through which it blows annoying draft. The use of this aprke can be extended to cabinets or furniture in the kitchen in general. It is often the housewife is right when she complains about entry of dust or smog into the cupboards in the kitchen, bathroom, or room where it is kept white underwear or suits. Therefore it is well let's get a few meters these sticky tapes.
Electrical material
The material we need in kufor maintenance, repairs, replacement or extension of the electrical installation, mowe will determine quite precisely. We include the first and basic group wire electrical conductors (cablevi, wires, lines). We need it a larger number of lines, of different lengths, type and section:
-ordinary two-wire lines, with all vewith the diameter of the copper wire, for rospends growing power, from an ordinary table lamp to the boiler,
-ordinary three-wire lines, also rasmaller diameter copper wire,
- two-wire and three-wire lines of the growing diameter, but the so-called protected type, s with one or two layers of insulating materialterial over a wire (they serve as an extensionnor cables, for moving electrical appliances, such as vacuum cleaners and glacups, for the inclusion of consumers velike power such as washing machineslaundry or dishes etc.),
-flexible cables with external ohmwith cotton fiber cloth, (in two or three sections) for connecting the iron, or for mounting lighter Yosters.
If we want to work on the insta parta beam that passes through the pipes into the wallsoh, we'll also get a single-wire leadnike with hard copper wire. In addition to various lines, as parts of electrical installations, there are a number of others elements that, when they break down,more often they don't suffer repairs, they have tocan replace all:
-sockets attached to the wall or built into the wall in their boxes (reports),
-portable sockets (male and female) for higher or lower currents (amperage), therefore different dimensionsnisane and made of plastic or with ceramic elements,
-lamp sockets,
-portable switches (through, for two wires, or limit switches), fixed switches for permanent installation in the wall or plugging into the wall,
-multiple sockets (with two or three places) and ordinary or shuko (with grounding). Since they are flatdards that regulate plugs and socketsnice and other electrical material changed or exist in parallel, it is valid always to get suitable forme, especially with fixed and movingsockets that can be with two plugs (contacts), with two plugs and metal plates on both sidesto us for grounding. Even if it is one electrical installation in the houseon the basis of one standard, it does not it must be the case with all pospenders we have. That is why it is neededbut to get more different electric material so that all consumers could function properly.
We will complete this group with nezachangeable insulating tape of the best quality, with one soldering wire (tinol) which has already been prepared, i.e. which already contains deoxidizesyesterday's lempasta, and with which we will join or strengthen copper wires, with a larger noI have a light bulb, with a pair of starters and one spare choke for fluorescent tubes (if we have them in home) and practically nothing more. If we foresee some bigger works, onwe will deal with the material as needed. Metal or plastic pipes (flexible or rigid) for the lines with which they expandwe eat or strengthen electrical instalation, automatic or ordinary osigulevers, fusible fuse elements, distribution boxes, plug-in boxes for explacing sockets and switches in the wall et cetera.
